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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Las Brujas. |
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Fecha : |
31/01/2020 |
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Actualizado : |
31/01/2020 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
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Autor : |
SPOHR, R.B.; CARLESSO, R.; GARCIA, C.; GARCÍA PRÉCHAC, F.; GARCÍA PETILLO, M. |
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Afiliación : |
RENATO BEPPLER SPOHR, Centro de Ciências Agrária de Itaqui, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Itaqui, RS, Brazil; REIMAR CARLESSO, Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; CLAUDIO CESAR GARCIA GALLARRETA, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; FERNANDO GARCÍA PRÉCHAC, Faculdad de Agronomia, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; MARIO GARCÍA PETILLO, Faculdad de Agronomia, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay. |
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Título : |
Runoff modeling from soil physical characteristics in different places in Uruguay. [Modelagem do escoamento superficial a partir das características físicas de alguns solos do Uruguai.] |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2009 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Ciencia Rural, January 2009, Volume 39, Issue 1, January 2009, Pages 74-81. OPEN ACCESS. |
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ISSN : |
0103-8478 |
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DOI : |
10.1590/S0103-84782009000100012 |
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Idioma : |
Portugués |
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Notas : |
Article history: Recebido para publicação 11 Decembro 2007 / Aprovado em 20 Agosto 2008. |
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Contenido : |
ABSTRACT.
The objective of this research was to determinate and modeling the runoff for different soils classes based on different simulated rainfall intensities (30, 60 and 120mm h-1) in different soils in Uruguay. A portable rainfall simulator with multiple nozzles was used to simulate different rainfall intensities. On each soil was measured the initial time and rate of runoff, rainfall (total, duration and intensities), direction of slope, crop residue and cover percentage, soil densities (bulk and particle), soil porosity (bulk, macro and micro), textural fractions (clay, silt and sand), initial and saturated soil moisture. The runoff was estimated with Smith's modified model. The accumulate runoff losses were 64, 32, 30 e 15% from the total rainfall, for Vertissolo 1, Chernossolo, Argissolo e Vertissolo 2, respectively. The relationship between initial runoff and the runoff rate was inversively, independently of the soil surface and rainfall conditions. Increasing rainfall intensity decreases the initial runoff time and increase runoff rate. Smith's modified model provides a better runoff estimated in soils with high soil moisture content.
RESUMO.
Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar e modelar o escoamento superficial para solos com diferentes características físicas a partir de diferentes intensidades de chuva. Foram realizadas chuvas simuladas em diferentes solos, no Uruguai. Chuvas artificiais com intensidades de 30, 60 e 120mm h-1 foram aplicadas utilizando-se um simulador estacionário de bicos múltiplos e oscilantes. Em cada solo foram determinados o tempo de início e a taxa de escoamento superficial, além da chuva (quantidade, duração e intensidade), declividade do terreno, matéria seca na superfície e cobertura do solo, densidade (do solo e de partícula), porosidade do solo (macro, micro e total), textura (argila, silte e areia), umidade inicial e saturação do solo. Foi utilizado o modelo modificado de Smith para estimativa do escoamento superficial. As perdas acumuladas por escoamento superficial foram de 64, 32, 30 e 15% do total aplicado para Vertissolo 1, Chernossolo, Argissolo e Vertissolo 2, respectivamente. Há uma relação inversa entre o tempo de início do escoamento e a taxa constante de escoamento superficial, independentemente das condições da superfície do solo e da chuva. Isso está associado à intensidade da chuva, pois quanto mais esta aumentar, menor é o tempo de início do escoamento e maior é a taxa constante de escoamento superficial. O modelo modificado de Smith estima melhor o escoamento superficial sob condições de elevada umidade do solo. MenosABSTRACT.
The objective of this research was to determinate and modeling the runoff for different soils classes based on different simulated rainfall intensities (30, 60 and 120mm h-1) in different soils in Uruguay. A portable rainfall simulator with multiple nozzles was used to simulate different rainfall intensities. On each soil was measured the initial time and rate of runoff, rainfall (total, duration and intensities), direction of slope, crop residue and cover percentage, soil densities (bulk and particle), soil porosity (bulk, macro and micro), textural fractions (clay, silt and sand), initial and saturated soil moisture. The runoff was estimated with Smith's modified model. The accumulate runoff losses were 64, 32, 30 e 15% from the total rainfall, for Vertissolo 1, Chernossolo, Argissolo e Vertissolo 2, respectively. The relationship between initial runoff and the runoff rate was inversively, independently of the soil surface and rainfall conditions. Increasing rainfall intensity decreases the initial runoff time and increase runoff rate. Smith's modified model provides a better runoff estimated in soils with high soil moisture content.
RESUMO.
Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar e modelar o escoamento superficial para solos com diferentes características físicas a partir de diferentes intensidades de chuva. Foram realizadas chuvas simuladas em diferentes solos, no Uruguai. Chuvas artificiais com intensidades de 30, 60 e 120mm h-1 foram aplicadas utilizand... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
Escoamento superficial; Física do solo; Intensidade da chuva; Rainfall intensity; Rainfall simulator; Runoff; Simulador de chuva; Soil physics. |
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Asunto categoría : |
P10 Recursos hídricos y su ordenación |
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URL : |
http://www.scielo.br/pdf/cr/v39n1/a12v39n1.pdf
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Marc : |
LEADER 03753naa a2200301 a 4500
001 1060737
005 2020-01-31
008 2009 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
022 $a0103-8478
024 7 $a10.1590/S0103-84782009000100012$2DOI
100 1 $aSPOHR, R.B.
245 $aRunoff modeling from soil physical characteristics in different places in Uruguay. [Modelagem do escoamento superficial a partir das características físicas de alguns solos do Uruguai.]$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2009
500 $aArticle history: Recebido para publicação 11 Decembro 2007 / Aprovado em 20 Agosto 2008.
520 $aABSTRACT. The objective of this research was to determinate and modeling the runoff for different soils classes based on different simulated rainfall intensities (30, 60 and 120mm h-1) in different soils in Uruguay. A portable rainfall simulator with multiple nozzles was used to simulate different rainfall intensities. On each soil was measured the initial time and rate of runoff, rainfall (total, duration and intensities), direction of slope, crop residue and cover percentage, soil densities (bulk and particle), soil porosity (bulk, macro and micro), textural fractions (clay, silt and sand), initial and saturated soil moisture. The runoff was estimated with Smith's modified model. The accumulate runoff losses were 64, 32, 30 e 15% from the total rainfall, for Vertissolo 1, Chernossolo, Argissolo e Vertissolo 2, respectively. The relationship between initial runoff and the runoff rate was inversively, independently of the soil surface and rainfall conditions. Increasing rainfall intensity decreases the initial runoff time and increase runoff rate. Smith's modified model provides a better runoff estimated in soils with high soil moisture content. RESUMO. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar e modelar o escoamento superficial para solos com diferentes características físicas a partir de diferentes intensidades de chuva. Foram realizadas chuvas simuladas em diferentes solos, no Uruguai. Chuvas artificiais com intensidades de 30, 60 e 120mm h-1 foram aplicadas utilizando-se um simulador estacionário de bicos múltiplos e oscilantes. Em cada solo foram determinados o tempo de início e a taxa de escoamento superficial, além da chuva (quantidade, duração e intensidade), declividade do terreno, matéria seca na superfície e cobertura do solo, densidade (do solo e de partícula), porosidade do solo (macro, micro e total), textura (argila, silte e areia), umidade inicial e saturação do solo. Foi utilizado o modelo modificado de Smith para estimativa do escoamento superficial. As perdas acumuladas por escoamento superficial foram de 64, 32, 30 e 15% do total aplicado para Vertissolo 1, Chernossolo, Argissolo e Vertissolo 2, respectivamente. Há uma relação inversa entre o tempo de início do escoamento e a taxa constante de escoamento superficial, independentemente das condições da superfície do solo e da chuva. Isso está associado à intensidade da chuva, pois quanto mais esta aumentar, menor é o tempo de início do escoamento e maior é a taxa constante de escoamento superficial. O modelo modificado de Smith estima melhor o escoamento superficial sob condições de elevada umidade do solo.
653 $aEscoamento superficial
653 $aFísica do solo
653 $aIntensidade da chuva
653 $aRainfall intensity
653 $aRainfall simulator
653 $aRunoff
653 $aSimulador de chuva
653 $aSoil physics
700 1 $aCARLESSO, R.
700 1 $aGARCIA, C.
700 1 $aGARCÍA PRÉCHAC, F.
700 1 $aGARCÍA PETILLO, M.
773 $tCiencia Rural, January 2009, Volume 39, Issue 1, January 2009, Pages 74-81. OPEN ACCESS.
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INIA Las Brujas (LB) |
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 | Acceso al texto completo restringido a Biblioteca INIA Treinta y Tres. Por información adicional contacte bibliott@inia.org.uy. |
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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Treinta y Tres. |
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Fecha actual : |
27/11/2020 |
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Actualizado : |
22/02/2021 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
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Circulación / Nivel : |
-- - -- |
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Autor : |
HERD, R.M.; ARTHUR, P.F.; HEGARTY, R.S.; BIRD-GARDINER, T.; DONOGHUE, K.A.; VELAZCO, J.I. |
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Afiliación : |
NSW Department of Primary Industries, Livestock Industry Centre. Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Australia.; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute; Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England.; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Agricultural Research Centre. Australia; NSW Department of Primary Industries, Agricultural Research Centre. Australia; JOSÉ IGNACIO VELAZCO DE LOS REYES, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay. |
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Título : |
Predicting metabolisable energy intake by free-ranging cattle using multiple short-term breath samples and applied to a pasture case-study. (Article in Press) |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2020 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Animal Production Science, 4 Nov. 2020, 61(4), p. 381-389 Doi: https://doi.org/10.1071/AN20162 |
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DOI : |
10.1071/AN20162 |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
Article history: Received 3 April 2020, accepted 11 October 2020, published online 4 November 2020. |
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Contenido : |
Context. Research into improving feed efficiency by ruminant animals grazing pastures has historically been restrained by an inability to measure feed intake by large numbers of individual animals. Recent advances in portable breath measurement technology could be useful for this purpose but methodologies need to be developed.
Aims. To evaluate predictive models for metabolisable energy intake (MEI) by free-ranging cattle using multiple short-term breath samples and then apply these to predict MEI by free-ranging cattle in a historic grazing experiment with cattle genetically divergent for residual feed intake (feed efficiency).
Methods. Predictive models for MEI were developed using bodyweight (BW) data, and carbon dioxide production rate (CPR) and methane production rate (MPR) from multiple short-term breath measurements, from an experiment with long-fed Angus steers on a grain-based diet, and an experiment with short-fed Angus heifers on a roughage diet.
Heat production was calculated using CPR and MPR. Energy retained (ER) in body tissue gain by steers was calculated from BW, ADG, initial and final subcutaneous fat depths, and for both groups using feeding-standards equations.
Key results. Metabolic mid-test BW (MBW) explained 49 and 47% of the variation in MEI in the steer and heifer experiment, respectively, and for the steers adding ADG and then subcutaneous fat gain resulted in the models accounting for 60 and then 65% of the variation in MEI. In the steer experiment, MBW with CPR explained 57% of the variation in MEI, and including MPR did not account for any additional variation. In the heifer experiment, MBW with CPR explained 50%, and with MPR accounted for 52% of the variation in MEI. Heat production plus ER explained 60, 35 and 85% of the variation in MEI in the steer and the heifer experiments, and in the pooled data from both experiments, respectively.
Conclusions. Multiple short-term breath measurements, together simple BW data, can be used to predict MEI by free-ranging cattle in studies in which animals do not have feed-intake or ADG recorded.
Implications. This methodology can be used for research into improving feed efficiency by farm animals grazing pastures. MenosContext. Research into improving feed efficiency by ruminant animals grazing pastures has historically been restrained by an inability to measure feed intake by large numbers of individual animals. Recent advances in portable breath measurement technology could be useful for this purpose but methodologies need to be developed.
Aims. To evaluate predictive models for metabolisable energy intake (MEI) by free-ranging cattle using multiple short-term breath samples and then apply these to predict MEI by free-ranging cattle in a historic grazing experiment with cattle genetically divergent for residual feed intake (feed efficiency).
Methods. Predictive models for MEI were developed using bodyweight (BW) data, and carbon dioxide production rate (CPR) and methane production rate (MPR) from multiple short-term breath measurements, from an experiment with long-fed Angus steers on a grain-based diet, and an experiment with short-fed Angus heifers on a roughage diet.
Heat production was calculated using CPR and MPR. Energy retained (ER) in body tissue gain by steers was calculated from BW, ADG, initial and final subcutaneous fat depths, and for both groups using feeding-standards equations.
Key results. Metabolic mid-test BW (MBW) explained 49 and 47% of the variation in MEI in the steer and heifer experiment, respectively, and for the steers adding ADG and then subcutaneous fat gain resulted in the models accounting for 60 and then 65% of the variation in MEI. In the steer experiment... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
AVERAGE DAILY GAIN; CARBON DIOXIDE; FEED EFFICIENCY; FEED INTAKE; GRAZING; METABOLISABLE ENERGY INTAKE; METHANE; METHANE PRODUCTION RATE; OXYGEN; PASTURE. |
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Asunto categoría : |
L02 Alimentación animal |
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Marc : |
LEADER 03329naa a2200325 a 4500
001 1061522
005 2021-02-22
008 2020 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $a10.1071/AN20162$2DOI
100 1 $aHERD, R.M.
245 $aPredicting metabolisable energy intake by free-ranging cattle using multiple short-term breath samples and applied to a pasture case-study. (Article in Press)$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2020
500 $aArticle history: Received 3 April 2020, accepted 11 October 2020, published online 4 November 2020.
520 $aContext. Research into improving feed efficiency by ruminant animals grazing pastures has historically been restrained by an inability to measure feed intake by large numbers of individual animals. Recent advances in portable breath measurement technology could be useful for this purpose but methodologies need to be developed. Aims. To evaluate predictive models for metabolisable energy intake (MEI) by free-ranging cattle using multiple short-term breath samples and then apply these to predict MEI by free-ranging cattle in a historic grazing experiment with cattle genetically divergent for residual feed intake (feed efficiency). Methods. Predictive models for MEI were developed using bodyweight (BW) data, and carbon dioxide production rate (CPR) and methane production rate (MPR) from multiple short-term breath measurements, from an experiment with long-fed Angus steers on a grain-based diet, and an experiment with short-fed Angus heifers on a roughage diet. Heat production was calculated using CPR and MPR. Energy retained (ER) in body tissue gain by steers was calculated from BW, ADG, initial and final subcutaneous fat depths, and for both groups using feeding-standards equations. Key results. Metabolic mid-test BW (MBW) explained 49 and 47% of the variation in MEI in the steer and heifer experiment, respectively, and for the steers adding ADG and then subcutaneous fat gain resulted in the models accounting for 60 and then 65% of the variation in MEI. In the steer experiment, MBW with CPR explained 57% of the variation in MEI, and including MPR did not account for any additional variation. In the heifer experiment, MBW with CPR explained 50%, and with MPR accounted for 52% of the variation in MEI. Heat production plus ER explained 60, 35 and 85% of the variation in MEI in the steer and the heifer experiments, and in the pooled data from both experiments, respectively. Conclusions. Multiple short-term breath measurements, together simple BW data, can be used to predict MEI by free-ranging cattle in studies in which animals do not have feed-intake or ADG recorded. Implications. This methodology can be used for research into improving feed efficiency by farm animals grazing pastures.
653 $aAVERAGE DAILY GAIN
653 $aCARBON DIOXIDE
653 $aFEED EFFICIENCY
653 $aFEED INTAKE
653 $aGRAZING
653 $aMETABOLISABLE ENERGY INTAKE
653 $aMETHANE
653 $aMETHANE PRODUCTION RATE
653 $aOXYGEN
653 $aPASTURE
700 1 $aARTHUR, P.F.
700 1 $aHEGARTY, R.S.
700 1 $aBIRD-GARDINER, T.
700 1 $aDONOGHUE, K.A.
700 1 $aVELAZCO, J.I.
773 $tAnimal Production Science, 4 Nov. 2020, 61(4), p. 381-389 Doi: https://doi.org/10.1071/AN20162
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